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Dryopteris carthusiana
''Dryopteris carthusiana'' (Vill.) H.P. Fuchs (syn. ''D. spinulosa'' (O.F. Muell.) O. Kuntze) is a species of fern native to damp forests throughout the Holarctic Kingdom. It is known as the narrow buckler-fern in the United Kingdom, and as the spinulose woodfern in North America.〔(USDA PLANTS Profile )〕
It is a tetraploid of hybrid origin, one parent being ''Dryopteris intermedia'', known in North America as the intermediate wood fern, and an unknown, apparently extinct species dubbed ''Dryopteris semicristata'', which is also the presumed parent of the hybrid-origin ''Dryopteris cristata''.
This fern is often confused with several other wood fern species, including ''D. intermedia'', ''D. campyloptera'', and ''D. expansa''. It especially extensively shares the range of ''D. intermedia'', but the two may be distinguished by the innermost pinnule on the bottom side of the bottom pinna: this pinnule is longer than the adjacent pinnules in ''D. carthusiana'', but shorter or even in ''D. intermedia''. ''D. carthusiana'' is a sub-evergreen species, its fronds surviving mild winters but dying back in harsh winters.
==References==
*(Dryopteris carthusiana ) in ''Flora of North America''
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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